[Solved]: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balances Case Study…

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balances Case Study Case Study The first-semester nursing student struggles with understanding the concepts associated with electrolyte and acid–base balance. The nursing student knows that it is important to understand these concepts because they are the foundation of understanding pathophysiology, and as a nurse they will need this information to understand and interpret laboratory reports. The nursing student reviews the concepts of fluid, electrolyte, and acid–base balance while studying for midterm examinations. 1.The nursing student learns about the causes of hypokalemia. What do they include? (Select all that apply.) A.Chronic diarrhea B.Excessive use of K+-free IV solutions C.Use of potassium wasting diuretics D.Oliguria E.Excessive ingestion of K+ salt substitutes 2.The nursing student learns about a positive Chvostek’s sign that occurs with decreased Ca2+ intake and absorption. A positive Chvostek’s sign elicits which response? A.Bilateral muscle weakness in the quadriceps B.Bilateral muscle weakness of the respiratory muscles C.Carpal spasm with hypoxia D.Contraction of facial muscles when a facial nerve is tapped 3.The nursing student knows that both _______1______ and _______2______ decrease neuromuscular excitability. Options for 1 Options for 2 hypokalemia hypomagnesaemia hypercalcemia hyperkalemia hypocalcaemia hypermagnesemia 4.The nursing student studies acid–base balance. Which organs are responsible for acid excretion, which helps maintain acid–base balance? (Select all that apply.) A.Lungs B.Kidneys C.Bladder D.Bowel E.Liver 5.The nursing student studies the types of acid–base imbalance. Which imbalance increases blood bicarbonate (HCO3–)? A.Metabolic acidosis B.Respiratory alkalosis C.Metabolic alkalosis D.Respiratory acidosis